Windmill



No. 620,838. Patented Mar. 7, I899.

H. H. BERGSLAND.

WINDMILL.

(Application filed July 27, 1898.)

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No. 620,838. Patented Mar. 7, I899. H. H. BERGSLAND.

WINDMILL.

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UNITED STATES PATENT -OFFICE.

HANS H. BERGSLAND, on RED WING, MINNESOTA.

WINDMILL.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 620,838, dated March 7, 1899.

Application filed m 27, 1898.

Improved Windmill, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a windmill of that class in which the blades or wings turn in a horizontal plane and are carried on a vertically-extending tower-shaft, the class to which my invention relates being further characterized by swinging blades connected with a contrifugal governor which serves automatically to feather the blades according to the force of the wind. 7

This specification is the disclosure of one form of my invention, while the claims define the actual scope of the invention.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing. forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus with parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof with the top of the wheel-casing removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the invention. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken through the wheel-casing and showing the parts below, excepting the wheel, which is omitted from the view. Fig. 5 is atop plan view of the vane for turning the wheel-casing into the eye of the wind. Fig. 6 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 7 is a detail section of the balancing power-wheel at the base of the apparatus. ,Fig. Sis a bottom plan view of the top of the wheel-casing. Figs. 9 and 10 are respectively a plan and a side elevation of the cross-head carrying the governor-arms. Fig. 11 is a fragmentary elevation of the cross-head and of the oscillating frame which is driven by the governor-arms carried on the cross-head. Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively a plan and a sectional view of the collar which is carried on the main shaft of the machine in connection with the governor-arms, and Fig. 14 is a detail section showing the vertically-extending rods and the coacting parts for applying manual movement to the blade-controlling governor.

The tower of the apparatus is erected on a suitable foundation and comprises four'upright beams 15, joined together in pairs by 8.11.1 No. 686,981. (No model.)

horizontal joists 16, which support two trans verse beams 17, on which are carried the powershaft and coacting parts to be hereinafter described. The beams 15 are held rigid by crossbraces 18 of the usual construction. The upper end of each beam 15 carries rigidly an inwardly-extending strut 19, such struts running radially toward a common center and carrying rigidly an annulus 20, which in turn carries rigidly a centrally-located bearing 21. In this bearing 21 is held fast a bushing 22.

The main shaft 23 of the apparatus has an annular frame 24, held fast thereto by means of a hub 25, surrounding the shaft 23 and keyed thereto. This hub 25 has its lower portion reduced to fit revolubly in the bushing 22. The lower end of the shaft 23 is stepped in a bearing 26, mounted on one of the beams 17 at thebase of the tower. By this bearing 26 the shaft and its attachments are supported. The lower end of the shaft 23 carries'a bevel-pinion 27, meshing with a bevel spur-gear 28, fast to the power-shaft 29, which is journaled in bearings 30, carried, respectively, on the beams 17. One end of the powershaft 29 has a crank-disk 31, and the power-shaft also carries a grooved pulley 32, with a counterbalanced portion 33, serving, therefore, both as a balance-Wheel and as a pulley from which movement may be transmitted by a belt. The shaft 23 is driven by and turns with the blades or wings of the wind-wheel.

The wheel-casin g is revolubly supported on the annulus by means of a centrally-perforated disk 34, revolubly embracing the upper portion of the bushing 22 between the bearing 21 of the annulus 20 and the large portion of the hub of the frame 24. Radiating from the disk 34 is a series of rigid arms 35. These arms 35 have their outer ends rigidly attached to an annular angle-iron 36, to which are rigidly attached the side walls 37 and 38 of the wheel-casin g. These side walls 37 and 38 are spaced from each other, as may be seen in Figs. 2 and 4, so as to provide a wind-inlet opening 39 and a wind-outlet opening '40, the wall 38 having an outwardlyslued portion 38 at the wind-inlet opening 39. The top of the wheel-casing has a disk 41. (See Figs. 3 and 8.) From this disk 41 radiate arms 42, the outer ends of which are wings 49 of the wind-wheel.

attached to an annular rim 43, and the whole carrying a sheathing 44, forming the top proper. The rim 43 is rigidly attached to the side walls 37 and 38 of the casing. It will thus be seen that the casing is mounted to turn on the annulus 20 independently of the shaft 23 and of the wind-wheel which turns with such shaft.

The wind-wheel has an upper and a lower framework, both rigidly attached to the shaft 23. The lower framework is composed of the frame 24, with its hub 25, and of arms 45, that run radially from the frame 24. The upper framework is composed of an annular frame proper, 46, keyed to the upper extremity of the shaft 23 and having radial arms 47 similar to the arms 45.

of which are in vertical alinement with each other, so that each pair of arms 45 and 47 carries a vertically-extending rod 48, to which rods are respectively pivoted the blades or These blades or wings are pivoted eccentrically on the rods 48, so that their short portions will extend out-ward from the rods and with their long portions inward, as may be seen best in Fig. 2. The blades lie between the arms 45 and 47 and are so disposed that they will present their concave sides to the current of air rushing into the opening 39 of the wheel-casing, so that the wheel will be turned in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, and so that as the blades move from the outlet-opening 40 back to the inlet-opening 39 the blades will present their convex sides, and as the wheel continues to turn the blades will be reversed at the opening 39 to receive the wind again on their concave sides. Owing to the formation of the wheel-casing the blades in returning are not engaged by the current of air which sweeps in a curved line around the right-hand portion of the casing. (See Fig. 2.) The casing, being revolubly mounted on the tower, is kept with its opening 39 pointed into the wind by means of a vane 50, that is held on a rod 51, united by a coupling 52 to one of the rods 35 of the disk 34. The vane is strengthened by three braces 53, attached rigidly to the wheel-casing. The rod 35, that has the rod 51 attached thereto, carries loosely an antifriction-roller 54, running on an annular track 55, supported on the outer extremity of the struts 19 of the beam 15 of the tower. This serves to give the outer portion of the wheel-casing a proper rotative bearing. The blades 49 are feathered under the action of the governor by means of rods 56, that are respectively pivoted to the blades at the inner or long sides thereof. These rods 56 are respectively pivoted to arms 57, held rigidly on the oscillating frame 58, that is in turn centrally and loosely mounted on the shaft 23. The frame 58 is held from downward movement on the shaft 23 by means of a spacing-block 59, keyed to the shaft, on which block the frame 58 bears. Keyed to the shaft 23 immediately below the spacing-block 59 is the cross-head 60, for details of which see Figs. 9, 10, and 11. This cross-head has two arms disposed tangentially to the shaft 23 and carrying each two alined bearings 61, in which are respectively mounted rock-shafts 62, each rock-shaft 62 being provided at its outer end with a crank-arm 63, to which links 64 are respectively connected by ball-andsocket joints. The links 64 are in turn connected with the frame 58, also by ball-andsocket joints. Oscillations of the shaft 62 will result in the transmission of similar movement to the frame 58 through the medium of the elements 63 and 64. Fixed to each shaft 62 at its inner end are the respective governor arms 65. These governor-arms have pivoted thereto at intermediate points links 66, which extend downwardly and have their lower ends respectively pivoted to the lugs 67 of the collar 68, which collar is mounted to slide on the shaft 23 and is supported on the hub 25 of the frame 24 when the governor-arms are in their lowermost or inactive position.

When the governor-arms swing up, as indi- I cated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, the collar 68 is moved upwardly through the medium of the links 66. It will thus be seen that the blades 49 are feathered automatically, according to the speed at which the shaft 23 is turning and according also to the previous adjustment of the governor, by which adjustment a maximum speed may be set and maintained.

For manually actuating the governor whereby to stop or start the action of the windmilll provide a hand-lever 69, fulcrumed at the base of the tower and capable of swinging as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, the lever being held in its lower position by means of a pin 70, supported on an arm 71, as shown best in Fig. 3. To the lever 69 is 0011- nected a rod 72, passing up to a lever 73, fulcrumed in a hanger 74, supported from the annulus 20. The inner end of the lever 73 has a fork wherein is pivotally mounted a collar 75, loose on the shaft 23. This collar 75 engages the lower end of the block 76, mounted loosely on the shaft 23. The block 76 has stepped thereon two rods 78, which pass upwardly parallel with the shaft 23 and loosely through a stopper-block 79, rigidly attached to the shaft 23 and entered into the lower end of the bushing 22. From the block 79 the rods 78 pass up loosely through the hub 25 and are attached rigidly to the collar 68, the rods being entered into openings 80, formed in the collar, as may be seen in Figs. 12 and 13, the rods being held by set-screws 81, also best shown in the figures referred to. These rods 78 revolve, therefore, with the parts 79, 25, and 68. The rods are slidable independently of the parts 79 and 25. It will thus be seen that by swinging the lever 67 the governor-arms may be raised or lowered and the wind-wheel may be thereby manually controlled.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination of a tower, an annulus held rigidly at the top of the tower, a bearing held in the annulus, a bushing fitting in the bearing, a disk mounted to turn around the bushing and supported on the bearing of the annulus, a Wheel-casin g sustained on the disk, a frame having a hub revolubly mounted in the bushing the frame being located above the disk, a vertically-extending.shaft fast in the hub, a second frame attached to the shaft, arms carried by the two frames, wind-Wheel blades mounted in the arms, and a governor apparatus carried by the shaft and connected With the blades to automatically feather the same.

2. In a windmill,the combination of a tower,

an annulus held rigidly at the top of the tower,

, thereto, a second frame secured to the shaft,

hubof which is mountedto turn in the bushing,-a main shaft extending through the hub of the frame and keyed thereto, a second frame attached to the shaft, wind-blades carried between the two frames, a governor mounted on the shaft and having connection with the blades, to feather the same, a collar sliding on the main shaft and having connection with the governorarms,rods attached to the collar and sliding through the bearing of the first-named frame, a second collar sliding on the shaft below the bearing, and means for sliding the said second-named collar.

4. In a windmill,the combination of a tower, a bearing held rigidly at the top thereof, a bushing fixed in the bearing, a disk mounted to turn around the bushing, a Wheel-casing carried by the disk, a frame, the hub of which is mounted to turn in the bushing, a shaft extending through the hub of the frame and fixed thereto, a second frame attached to the shaft, and blades carried between the two frames.

HANS H. BERGSLAND. WVitnesses:

BRUNO JAELR'ING, S. J. NELSON. 

